EU leaders back 'drone wall' to repel Russian intrusion

European Union leaders back plans to bolster the bloc's defences against Russian drones as they met in Copenhagen, days after airspace intrusions by unmanned aircraft rattled Denmark.

European authorities have accused Russia of brazen violations of the region's airspace, including with recent incursions by drones over Poland and fighter jets over Estonia.

"Europe must be able to defend itself," Danish Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen said after the EU summit.

"We need to strengthen our production of drones, of anti-drone capabilities, and this includes building up a European network of anti-drone measures that can protect and, of course, also neutralise intrusion from outside."

The incidents in Europe's airspace highlighted how EU leaders have come to view Russia as a major threat to their continent's security following Moscow's 2022 invasion of Ukraine and have accelerated efforts to strengthen their defences.

Denmark has stopped short of saying who it believes is responsible for the incidents in its own airspace last week, which disrupted air traffic at multiple airports, but Frederiksen has suggested it could be Moscow.

US President Donald Trump has long demanded that Europe take more responsibility for its own security and for Ukraine.

"Russia tries to test us. But Russia also tries to sow division and anxiety in our societies. We will not let this happen," European Commission chief Ursula von der Leyen said.

The summit's security was beefed up by troops and anti-drone systems sent by other European countries, and all drone flights over the country have been banned until Friday.

Von der Leyen in September called for what she described as a drone wall - a network of sensors and weapons to detect, track and neutralise intruding unmanned aircraft - to protect Europe's eastern flank.

Her suggestion came hours after some 20 Russian drones entered Polish airspace, although officials say it had already been under consideration.

The incursion into Poland exposed gaps in Europe's ability to defend against drones, officials and analysts said. NATO forces deployed fighter jets, helicopters and a Patriot air defence system in their response, shooting down several drones.

NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte this week praised the drone wall idea as "timely and necessary", and EU leaders voiced support in Copenhagen on Wednesday.

"Russia will continue and we have to be ready, we have to strengthen our preparedness," Finnish Prime Minister Petteri Orpo said.

The Commission, the EU's executive body, has not yet produced a detailed plan for the drone wall, leaving open questions about the cost and practicalities.

Russia has denied responsibility for the drones over Denmark, disputed that its fighter jets entered Estonian airspace and said it did not intend to send drones into Poland.

Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov criticised Europe's talk of a drone wall. "As history has shown, erecting walls is always a bad thing," he said on Tuesday.